The InCa Team

The team InCa is interested in the relation between the spatial-temporal dynamics of brain activity (i.e., flexibility, plasticity) and the organization of voluntary movement. This dynamics is studied at the level of the cortical sensorimotor networks (m1, Sma, pm, Cma, S1) and the corticospinal tract, in healthy and pathological human subjects and in non-human primates. a double approach of stimulation/recording permits to relate the activation of the sensorimotor cortical networks and the excitability of the corticospinal tract (direct tract from the motor cortex to the spinal cord). neurophysiological techniques in human (TmS,eeG,meG) and animal (multi-unit recording, intra-cortical micro-stimulation), as well as cerebral imagery (IRmf), are associated with an experimental psychological approach (analysis of behaviour).

Main research axes

• Intention and anticipation of a transitory perturbation. How is the dynamic activation of the cerebral motor areas modified when we anticipate a perturbation ? The paradigm we use is based on a mental preparation of the subject to be active or passive with respect to a transitory central (induced by TmS) or mechanical perturbation of his/her movement (m. Bonnard).
• adaptation of the digital precision grip to the mechanical properties of objects. What cortico-cortical (m1-S1, m1-pm) and cortico-spinal interactions are underlying the adaptations of the precision grip to the properties of objects like form, texture and weight? What are, within the cerebral sensorimotor systems, the interactions between components of grasping and manipulation? (T. Brochier)
• attention and precise control of the digital precision grip. How are the cerebral networks implicated in real-time intentional control of the movement according to the motor and attentional constraints of the task, particularly with respect to the precision of the control? (J. de Graaf).
• awareness of forces in voluntary movement. What are the neural bases underlying awareness of muscle forces produced during a movement? does this awareness play a role in the attribution of action judgement (agency)? (J.pailhous)
• Cerebral evaluation of functional motor recovery. How do motor and sensory primary cortical representations reorganise during motor recovery? How do attentional and motor cerebral networks interact during this recovery? (a. delarque and J-m. Viton).

Members

Statutaires
Mireille Bonnard	Chercheur	04 91 16 43 01	BAT N'256		e-mail
Thomas Brochier	Chercheur	04 91 16 43 77	Bat N		e-mail
Jozina De Graaf	Maître de conférence	04 91 16 44 22	Bat N		e-mail
Jean Pailhous	Chercheur	04 91 16 42 80	Bat N258b		e-mail
Etudiants
Sophie Chen	Doctorant				e-mail
Laure Spieser	Doctorant	04 91 16 44 26			e-mail
Manuel Zaepffel	Doctorant	04.91.16.43.26			e-mail

publications

You'll find below the main publications of the team. The full list is available in the publicationssection.

• Bonnard, Mireille; Spieser, Laure; Meziane, Hadj Boumediene;De Graaf Jozina B; Pailhous, Jean (2009), « Prior intention can locally tune inhibitory processes in the primary motor cortex: direct evidence from combined TMS-EEG », European Journal of Neuroscience, 1–11
• De Graaf, J; Frolov, A; Fiocchi, M; Nazarian, B; Anton, J.L; Pailhous, J; Bonnard, M (2008), « Preparing for a motor perturbation : early implication of primary motor and somatosensory cortices. », Human Brain Mapping, in press
• Spinks, RL; Kraskov, A; Brochier, T; Umilta, MA; Lemon, RN (2008), « Selectivity for grasp in local field potential and single neuron activity recorded simultaneously from M1 and F5 in the awake macaque monkey », Journal of Neuroscience, in press
• Bonnard, M; Galléa, C; de Graaf, J; Pailhous, J (2007), « Corticospinal control of the thumb-index grip depends on precision of force control : a TMS and fMRI study in humans.  », European Journal of Neuroscience, 25 (3), 872-880
• Brochier, T; Umilta, MA (2007), « Cortical control of grasp in non-human primates », Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 17:637-43
• Prabhu, G; Voss, M; Brochier, T; Cattaneo, L; Haggard, P; Lemon, R.N (2007), « Excitability of human motor cortex inputs prior to grasp », Journal of physiology, 581:189-201
• Umilta, M.A; Brochier, T; Spinks, R.L; Lemon, R.N (2007), « Simultaneous recording of macaque premotor and primary motor cortex neuronal populations reveals different functional contributions to visuomotor grasp », Journal of Neurophysiology, 98:488-501
• Camus, M; Pailhous, J; Bonnard, M (2006), « On-line flexibility of the cognitive tuning of corticospinal excitability : a TMS study in human gait.  », Brain Research., 1076, 144-149
• Cattaneo, L; Voss, M; Brochier, T; Prabhu, G; Wolpert, D.M; Lemon, R.N. (2005), « A cortico-cortical mechanism mediating object-driven grasp in humans », PNAS, 102(3):898-903
• Bonnard, M; de Graaf, J; Pailhous, J; (2004), « Interaction between cognitive and sensorimotor functions in the motor cortex: evidence from the preparatory motor sets anticipating a perturbation. », Reviews in the Neurosciences., 15, 371-382
• Brochier, T; Spinks, R.L; Umilta, M.A; Lemon, R.N (2004), « Patterns of muscle activity underlying object-specific grasp in the macaque monkey.  », Journal of Neurophysiology, 92: 1770-1782
• Camus, M (2004), « Contribution de la voie corticospinale aux modulations volontaires des automatismes sensorimoteurs : études par TMS chez l’homme. », Thèse de 3ème cycle, mention: Neurosciences, (directeur: M. Bonnard).,
• Camus, M; Pailhous, J; Bonnard, M (2004), « Cognitive tuning of the corticospinal excitability during human gait: a TMS study. », European Journal of Neuroscience, 20 (4), 1101-1107
• de Graaf, J; Gallea, C; Pailhous, J; Anton, J.L.; Roth, M; Bonnard, M (2004), « Awareness of muscular force during movement production: an fMRI study. », Neuroimage, 21:4, 1357-1367
• Pailhous, J; de Graaf, J; Bonnard, M (2004), « Intention and consciousness in sensorimotor automatisms. », Naturalizing Intention in Action. An interdisciplinary approach.Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press and ENS Editions.,
• Bonnard, M; Camus, M; de Graaf, J; Pailhous, J (2003), « Direct evidence for a binding between cognitive and motor functions in humans: a TMS study. », Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 15:8, 1207-1216.
• Danion, F; Varraine, E; Bonnard, M; Pailhous, J (2003), « Stride variability in human gait: the effect of frequency, amplitude and walking speed. », Gait and Posture, 18, 69-77.
• Latash, M.L; Danion, F; Bonnard, M (2003), « Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on muscle activation pattern and joint kinematics within a two-joint motor synergy. », Brain Research, 961, 229-242
• Bonnard, M; Camus, M; Coyle, T; Pailhous, J (2002), « Task induced modulation of motor evoked potentials in upper-leg muscles during human gait: a TMS study. », European Journal of Neuroscience, 16 (11), 2225-30.
• Varraine, E; Bonnard, M; Pailhous, J (2002), « The top down and bottom up mechanisms involved in the sudden awareness of low level sensorimotor behavior. », Cognitive Brain Research, 13 : 357-361
• Varraine, E; Bonnard, M; Pailhous, J (2002), « Interaction between different sensory cues in the control of human gait », Experimental Brain Research, 142 : 374-384.
• Viton, JM; Atlani, L; Mesure, S; Massion, JP; Franceschi, JP; Delarque, A; Bardot, A (2002), « Reorganisation of equilibrium and movement control strategies after total knee arthroplasty. », Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 34, 12-19
• Liégeois-Chauvel, C; De Graaf, J.B; Laguitton, V, Chauvel, P (1999), « Specialization of left auditory cortex for speech perception in man depends on temporal coding. », Cerebral Cortex, 9: 484-496